Single?Molecule Counting Coupled to Rapid Amplification Enables Detection of ??Synuclein Aggregates in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Parkinson's Disease Patients

?-Synuclein aggregation is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease and promising biomarker for early detection assessment progression. The prospect molecular test materializing with the recent developments methods based on amplification synuclein seeds (e.g. RT-QuIC or PMCA). Here we adapted single-molecule counting ?-synuclein aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), using simple 3D printed microscope. Single-molecule enable to probe events process used precise ThT-positive aggregates. Importantly, use also allows refined characterization samples fingerprinting protein present CSF patients. size reactivity individual aggregate shows unique signature each PD patients compared controls may provide new insights synucleinopathies future.